Lahiru Dayananda2025-08-04

In-band Captions Support with videojs-http-streaming

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With the release of videojs-http-streaming (VHS) v1.2.0 on July 16th 2018, Video.js has built-in support for CEA/CTA-608 captions carried in FMP4 segments. This means that closed captions are automatically parsed out and made available to Video.js players for MPEG-DASH content and HLS streams using FMP4 segments. Here's a sample player that shows the captions (English with the "CC" button is the track with CEA-608 captions).

If you are curious about CEA-608 captions and the approach we used to parse them out of fmp4s, or a general overivew, you can watch my talk from Demuxed 2018.

Caption Parsing is handled by the mux.js library and interacts with VHS to feed parsed captions back to Video.js.

Usage

Create a CaptionParser:

  import { CaptionParser } from 'mux.js/lib/mp4';

  const captionParser = new CaptionParser();

  // initalize the CaptionParser to ensure that it is ready for data
  if (!captionParser.isInitialized()) {
    captionParser.init();
  }

When working with HLS and MPEG-DASH with fmp4 segments, it's likely that not all the information needed to parse out captions are included in the media segments themselves, and metadata from the init segment needs to be passed to the CaptionParser. For this reason, the video trackIds and timescales defined in the init segment should be passed into the CaptionParser.

  import mp4probe from 'mux.js/lib/mp4/probe';

  // Typed array containing video and caption data
  const data = new Uint8Array();
  // Timescale = 90000
  const timescales = mp4probe.timescale(data);
  // trackId = 1
  const videoTrackIds = mp4probe.videoTrackIds(data);

  // Parsed captions are returned
  const parsed = captionParser.parse(
    data,
    videoTrackIds,
    timescales
  );

Calling captionParser.parse with data containing CEA-608 captions will result in an object with this structure:

  {
    captions: [
      {
        // You can ignore the startPts and endPts values here
        startPts: 90000,
        endPts: 99000,
        // startTime and endTime can be used for caption times in the TextTrack API
        startTime: 1,
        endTime: 1.1,
        text: 'This is a test caption',
        // This is the CEA-608 "channel" the caption belongs to
        stream: 'CC1'
      }
    ],
    // Includes any (or none) of: CC1, CC2, CC3, CC4
    // This should match the captions returned in the above caption array
    captionStreams: {
      CC1: true
    }
  };

You can then take one caption and create a VTTCue to add to a TextTrack with Video.js APIs

  const player = videojs('video');
  const track = player.addRemoteTextTrack({
    kind: 'captions',
    label: parsed.captions[0].stream,
    default: true,
    language: 'en'
  }, false);

  track.addCue(parsed.captions[0]);

VHS is included by default with videojs v7.x.

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Video.js Blog

In-band Captions Support with videojs-http-streaming

Usage